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Posted by: krrjhn

« on: 14. January 2011., 07:17:00 »

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Excellent post !!

Posted by: jhonas

« on: 08. January 2011., 08:07:37 »

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Nice explanation of web 3.0. Thanks.

Posted by: alexrock23

« on: 26. May 2010., 10:13:16 »

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Great post.Thank you to post for us. I recommended one more point about web 3.0.Web 3.0 will use a three dimensional model and transform it into a series of 3D spaces. Services such as Second Life and the use of personalized avatars will be a common feature of the 3D web. Web 3.0 will extend beyond into the physical; imagine a Web connected to everything not only your cellphone but your car, microwave and clothes, thus truly making for an integrated experience.

Posted by: janissary

« on: 12. May 2010., 13:25:04 »

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Thank you @georgecloner.

Posted by: Willfert

« on: 20. April 2010., 16:35:33 »

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I think it has to do with nothing responding or being there...........

Posted by: pestebr

« on: 24. October 2009., 05:33:01 »

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good post.... now i know the web 3.0

Posted by: s4ck

« on: 07. August 2009., 16:42:11 »

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Web semántica
De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
(Redirigido desde Web Semántica)
Saltar a navegación, búsqueda
La Web semántica (del inglés semantic web) es la "Web de los datos".[1] Se basa en la idea de añadir metadatos semánticos y ontológicos a la World Wide Web. Esas informaciones adicionales —que describen el contenido, el significado y la relación de los datos— se deben proporcionar de manera formal, para que así sea posible evaluarlas automáticamente por máquinas de procesamiento. El objetivo es mejorar Internet ampliando la interoperabilidad entre los sistemas informáticos por usando "agentes intelligente". Agentes intelligente son programas en las compudoras que buscar informacion sin operadores humanos. En este caso, compudoras pueda encontrar las conneciones entre colección de datos mas grande.

El precursor de la idea, Tim Berners-Lee, intentó desde el principio incluir informacion semántica en su creación, la World Wide Web, pero por diferentes causas no fue posible.[2] Por ese motivo introdujo el concepto de semántica con la intención de recuperar dicha omisión.

Contenido [ocultar]
1 Relación con Internet
2 Componentes de la Web Semántica
3 Véase también
4 Referencias
5 Enlaces externos

Relación con Internet [editar]En la actualidad, la World Wide Web está basada principalmente en documentos escritos en HTML, un lenguaje de marcas que sirve principalmente para crear hipertexto en Internet. El lenguaje HTML es válido para adecuar el aspecto visual de un documento e incluir objetos multimedia en el texto (imágenes, esquemas de diálogo, etc.). Pero ofrece pocas posibilidades para categorizar los elementos que configuran el texto más allá de las típicas funciones estructurales, como sucede con otros lenguajes de maquetación (tipo LaTeX).

HTML permite mediante una herramienta de visualización (como un navegador o un agente de usuario) mostrar por ejemplo un catálogo de objetos en venta. El código HTML de este catálogo puede explicitar aspectos como "el título del documento" es Ferretería Acme; pero no hay forma de precisar dentro del código HTML si el producto M270660 es una "batería Acme", con un "precio de venta al público" de 200 €, o si es otro tipo de producto de consumo (es decir, es una batería eléctrica y no un instrumento musical, o un puchero). Lo único que HTML permite es alinear el precio en la misma fila que el nombre del producto. No hay forma de indicar "esto es un catálogo", "batería Acme" es una batería eléctrica, o "200 €" es el precio. Tampoco hay forma de relacionar ambos datos para describir un elemento específico en oposición a otros similares en el mismo catálogo.

La Web Semántica se ocuparía de resolver estas deficiencias. Para ello dispone de tecnologías de descripción de los contenidos, como RDF y OWL, además de XML, el lenguaje de marcas diseñado para describir los datos. Estas tecnologías se combinan para aportar descripciones explícitas de los recursos de la Web (ya sean estos catálogos, formularios, mapas u otro tipo de objeto documental). De esta forma el contenido queda desvelado, como los datos de una base de datos accesibles por Web, o las etiquetas inmersas en el documento (normalmente en XHTML, o directamente en XML, y las instrucciones de visualización definidas en una hoja de estilos aparte). Esas etiquetas permiten que los gestores de contenidos interpreten los documentos y realicen procesos inteligentes de captura y tratamiento de información.

Componentes de la Web Semántica [editar]Los principales componentes de la Web Semántica son los metalenguajes y los estándares de representación XML, XML Schema, RDF, RDF Schema y OWL. La OWL Web Ontology Language Overview describe la función y relación de cada uno de estos componentes de la Web Semántica:

XML aporta la sintaxis superficial para los documentos estructurados, pero sin dotarles de ninguna restricción sobre el significado.
XML Schema es un lenguaje para definir la estructura de los documentos XML.
RDF es un modelo de datos para los recursos y las relaciones que se puedan establecer entre ellos. Aporta una semántica básica para este modelo de datos que puede representarse mediante XML.
RDF Schema es un vocabulario para describir las propiedades y las clases de los recursos RDF, con una semántica para establecer jerarquías de generalización entre dichas propiedades y clases.
OWL añade más vocabulario para describir propiedades y clases: tales como relaciones entre clases (p.ej. disyunción), cardinalidad (por ejemplo "únicamente uno"), igualdad, tipologías de propiedades más complejas, caracterización de propiedades (por ejemplo simetría) o clases enumeradas.
La usabilidad y aprovechamiento de la Web y sus recursos interconectados puede aumentar con la web semántica gracias a:

Los documentos etiquetados con información semántica (compárese ésta con la etiqueta <meta> de HTML, usada para facilitar el trabajo de los robots). Se pretende que esta información sea interpretada por el ordenador con una capacidad comparable a la del lector humano. El etiquetado puede incluir metadatos descriptivos de otros aspectos documentales o protocolarios.
Vocabularios comunes de metadatos (Ontología (Informática)) y mapas entre vocabularios que permitan a quienes elaboran los documentos disponer de nociones claras sobre cómo deben etiquetarlos para que los agentes automáticos puedan usar la información contenida en los metadatos (p.ej. el metadato author tenga el significado de "autor de la página" y no el del "autor del objeto descrito en la página").
Agentes automáticos que realicen tareas para los usuarios de estos metadatos de la Web Semántica
Servicios Web (a menudo con agentes propios) que provean de información a los agentes (por ejemplo un servicio de garantías a quien un agente pudiera consultar sobre si un comercio electrónico tiene un historial de mal servicio o de generar correo basura).
Los proveedores primarios de esta tecnología son las URIs que identifican los recursos junto con XML y los namespaces. Si a esto se añade un poco de lógica, mediante una RDF, u otras tecnologías como los mapas temáticos y algo de razonamiento basado en técnicas de inteligencia artificial, Internet podría estar cerca de alcanzar las aspiraciones iniciales de su inventor, Tim Berners-Lee.

Servicio de notificación: En la última versión, que es 3.0, Web Semántica Ping servicio tiene la capacidad de validar los recursos RDF. Hay una lista de pings de exportación simplificado sistema que fue desarrollado en esta versión. El ping a la infraestructura se ha ganado velocidad considerable. Una de las razones de la mejora es que se cambió la base de datos de MySQL a Virtuoso. Además, la interfaz de usuario se ha actualizado. Nuevas estadísticas están disponibles con esta edición también. La capacidad de proporcionar estadísticas sobre todos los nombres y todas las estadísticas sobre los tipos, se ha añadido. Una buena característica de proporcionar la lista de nombres utilizados para describir las entidades en RDF. Todas las estadísticas sobre los tipos da el número de entidades definidas a máquina en cada RDF Ping documento conocido por La Web Semántica.

Véase también [editar]W3C
Mapas temáticos
Datos vinculados
Dublin Core
WordNet
Marco de Descripción de Recursos - RDF
Ontología (Informática)
DAML+OIL
FOAF
DOAP
SIOC
DOAC
OWL
Cyc
Representación de conocimiento mediante redes semánticas
Lógica de descripción
Redifusión web - RSS y Atom/Echo
Programación lógica, funcional y declarativa.
Inteligencia Artificial
Nueva Economía
WYSIWYM
Web 2.0
Web 3.0

Referencias [editar]↑ " The Semantic Web is a web of data. There is lots of data we all use every day, and it is not part of the web. I can see my bank statements on the web, and my photographs, and I can see my appointments in a calendar. But can I see my photos in a calendar to see what I was doing when I took them? Can I see bank statement lines in a calendar? Why not? Because we don't have a web of data. Because data is controlled by applications, and each application keeps it to itself. The Semantic Web is about two things. It is about common formats for integration and combination of data drawn from diverse sources, where on the original Web mainly concentrated on the interchange of documents. It is also about language for recording how the data relates to real world objects. That allows a person, or a machine, to start off in one database, and then move through an unending set of databases which are connected not by wires but by being about the same thing." W3C Semantic Web Activity
↑ Andy Carvin: Tim Berners-Lee: Weaving a Semantic Web. Digital divide network artículos, 2005

Enlaces externos [editar]Pablo Castells (2003) La web semántica. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Carolina García Cataño y David Arroyo Menéndez (2002) Biblioteca Digital y Web Semántica
Introducción a la Web Semántica: Versión en español del artículo The Semantic Web: An Introduction
Teoría Texto-Sentido en Buscadores Semánticos . Inbenta
GoPubMed - Buscador semántico para médicos y biólogos
Presentación: Construyendo la web semántica
Presentación (traducción Nova Spivack: Entender la web semántica
wolfram alfa: buscador 3.0
Obtenido de "http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_sem%C3%A1ntica"
Categoría: Web semánticaVistasArtículo Discusión Editar Historial Herramientas personalesProbar Beta Registrarse/Entrar Buscar
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Esta página fue modificada por última vez el 21:

Posted by: georgecloner

« on: 20. May 2009., 17:16:38 »

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The psychological experience of using the Internet is undergoing slow but constant change. Up until now, using the Web has involved "going out" to Web sites. However, this is changing. Understanding this transformation, and plotting its direction, can provide us with a new understanding of where our Web technology is going. This destination can be called "Web 3.0."

Underneath the Hood
Very little of the core protocols that define how the Internet works have changed over the last twenty years. What has changed, and very slowly, are some basic hardware upgrades and the software interfaces we use to transfer information. These gradual, almost superficial changes, have done little to change what the Internet actually does from a technological perspective, but have greatly altered our perception of the "Internet experience".

Computers and Telephone Lines
The Internet is computers and telephone lines. On the computers, there are some programs and data files. That's it, really. There are no big servers somewhere that hold "the Internet".

Some people may be surprised to find out that there is nothing actually "in between" these computers other than wires (telephone lines). This misconception occurs because of that picture of the Internet that looks like a big cloud with two computers connecting into it from either side.

The Internet is your computer together with many other computers; none of these computers are "in the center", although some send and receive more traffic than others. Your computer has disks, and the other computers have disks. Your computer is running programs, and the other computers are running programs. There is no "Internet" that somehow exists between here and there. Everything is either on your disk or on someone else's disk.

Out There ... is Right Here
When you see something on your computer, you always see what is on your own disk, either because it was already there, or because you copied it there. You never see anything on someone else's computer.

When you view the homepage of CNN.com, you contact CNN.com for a copy of their homepage. CNN.com's server sends you a copy to your computer, and your Web browser displays the copy that is on your computer onto your monitor. Note that this is different from the way television works. If a television or radio broadcast stops, so does your ability to see or hear it. If a Web site stops, your browser does not suddenly shut off the picture.

When you read an email, you copy a file from your ISP's computer to your computer, and your email client displays the copy that is on your computer onto your monitor.

Does reading email sound the same as viewing a Web page? It should. Because viewing an email message and viewing a Web page are essentially identical underneath the hood.

Internet Messaging? FTP? P2P? They are all exactly the same. Your computer downloads data from somewhere and then displays the local copy of what it downloaded onto your screen. The same basic idea has been happening since the Internet started and is still happening today.

Social Perception
Why do they all of these applications seem so different?

It is the perception of each of these services that gives them their psychological form.

People think of email messages as little packets of mail sent around by tireless mail carriers on the Internet. People think of Web sites as places "to go to" and browsing the Web as some virtual travel activity. In both cases, nothing different is really happening; a packet of data that someone created is downloaded and displayed on your screen.

Web 1.0
The Web began as a series of static pages with links between them, and evolved to include on the fly pages created entirely from pieces of data and databases, personalized information, user cookies, and so on.

The Web also incorporated program-like features, such as forms and Javascript for validating forms or altering selection widgets. Finally, the Web presented Java applications, which work like little downloadable programs that run within the confines of your Web browser.

Defining Web 1.0
The defining aspects of the Web 1.0 social experience are as follows:

* One, that you "go" to some place on the Web. You go to CNN, you go to a game site. Your computer simply acts like a portal, a window to some other location.

* Two, that each page is discrete. The page may present different information each time you view it, but to get from one place to another, you have to leave one page and then arrive at the next page, or at least open the new page in a new window.

* Three, that sites are like buildings, where pages are like rooms. You may log into a site, and the information you provide will be available throughout the site. If you go to some other site, it is a different entity.

* Four, that creating information on the Web is in the hands of the experts: the programmers, the designers, people with good tech skills, and so on. Hosting is expensive, throughput is expensive, good statistics are expensive, and good design is expensive. Yeah, mom and pop stores can do well with a cheaper slick site, but they are not going to get wealthy.

* Finally, that being on the Web means building a site, the entire kit and kaboodle. At the very least, you need a page on some community site, such as the Well.

Web 2.0
Web 2.0 brought new psychological aspects to the Web. While we usually still go "out there", we are no longer idle consumers of information. We are also the information producers, albeit in other people's buildings.

Web sites are no longer pages but applications. When you play around with a page, it does not necessarily reload to another page, but incorporates your entered information, like any application sitting on your computer does.

We no longer care about "pages" on a site, but about pieces of information on the site. All parts of a Web page can now be exported and broken up into fragments (XML).

Web 2.0 brought us many different sites to post what we wanted: blogs to post text, picture sites like Flickr to post pictures, video sites like YouTube to post videos, and community sites like MySpace to post personal information and relationship links.

Even more important, tags became a brute force but growingly effective way to categorize pieces of information - a lot more work, but a little more effective than relying on search terms.

Defining Web 2.0
The defining aspects of the Web 2.0 social experience are as follows:

* One, that you still need to "go" to some place on the Web. However, this is starting to change. RSS readers allow us to view some parts of the Web on our own computer.

* Two, that some pages are discrete, and some aren't. A blog is divided into postings, each of which can be viewed as a separate page. People's collected information can be viewed individually, or as a set. Sets can cross and intersect using tags.

* Three, that sites are still like buildings, but some sites are beginning to cross over. My Yahoo, for instance, looks like a number of windows into different sites, all in one place.

* Four, that creating information on the Web is available to everyone. The Web 2.0 sites are like crayon boxes, giving anyone the opportunity to express himself or herself. However, you still have to go to the sites and log in in order to do so.

* Finally, that being on the Web means whatever you want it to mean. It can be as little as an uploaded picture, or as much as a blog, all of your publications, or your entire video library.

Web 3.0
If you plot a line from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 and extend it, you end up to where it looks like we may be going with this technology. Namely, we are headed to where the Internet disappears altogether. There may no longer be an "out there". As Scott McNealy, chairman of Sun Microsystems put it so many years ago, "the network is the computer".

24 Hour Broadband
Many people now have 24 hour broadband access, and this will be universal soon enough. We have cheap disk storage, which can hold all of our videos and music, and so on, without having to pay other people to hold it for us. Our computers come with built-in server support.

One of the major reasons we go "out there" to begin with is that we don't all have our own servers on the Web full time. That is changing. Why should I have to put my stuff on someone else's site, when my own computer is going to be on, 24 hours a day?

Instead, what we write on our own computer may be instantly published. Microsoft is adding more and more Web features into its software so that the documents you write become Web pages. Meanwhile, Google is adding more and more office utilities to its site, so that the documents you write start out as published to begin with. These two approaches are essentially converging.

Tags
Some document tags can be added automatically as our investment in tagging technology broadens. This type of tagging covers topic-oriented tagging. Documents will also be tagged with our name and personal ID. If we add a friend's name as a tag, it will be sent as email. That is what we already do when we send email, but we don't yet think of it in that way.

Email is an irrelevant application if you can tag data by a personal ID. The other person simply receives it as a feed. Sharing is an irrelevant application if you can tag data by topic; again, anyone searching for or subscribed to that tag receives it as a feed.

If we tag a document as personal, it will stay inaccessible to the outside world. If we tag it as public, we make it accessible to the world via smart search. Behind the scenes, publicly tagged items may be uploaded to central servers, or indexed by some P2P technology, but we don't really need to know that.

Platforms and data formats are increasingly irrelevant as data gets stored in XML format, and you can convert freely between formats.

Web hosting, Web servers, and URL addresses also become irrelevant, if you only work with your own computer.

We currently use one search to find things on a Web site, another on our computer, and another on the Internet. This is unnecessary once the psychological boundaries between these three are erased. Smart search could find all items tagged as public, anywhere. If you want to find only your own stuff, search for your own tags.

Computer Independence
With ubiquitous computing and always-on networking, more people are accessing their email and documents in more than a single location. Portable computers are still cumbersome.

If all you need are your documents and a set of tools with which to access them, you can achieve this by having your documents stored on-line, carried with you in a memory stick, or a combination of both, depending on your privacy needs.

With a properly defined set of tools, plugging in a portable memory stick and entering a password should be all that you need to work on any networked computer, regardless of the operating system or programs installed.

The Out-There Experience
Although the out-there experience will no longer be necessary for many tasks, people still like the idea of "going" somewhere on the Internet, because, in a sense, it gets them out of their house. Therefore, I expect that there will continue to be "out-there" experiences on the Internet.

Shopping is likely to continue to be this way, even though the information you need from a shopping site can be received as a feed. Multiplayer games will also continue to give this type of experience. On the other hand, forums and community spaces will no longer be necessary, nor continue to feel like "out-there". These essentially reduce to a type of feed, similar to email. You will feel like these spaces extend directly to your computer.

Defining Web 3.0
The defining aspects of the Web 3.0 social experience may therefore be as follows:

* One, that you won't need to "go" anywhere, except maybe to set up some initial parameters. Where your computer is, is where you are. Information comes to you based on tags and search criteria; you don't have to go out there.

* Two, that there are no pages. Information comes in packets of discrete units. You merge or cross them, as you need to.

* Three, that there are no Web sites. Existing Web sites are no longer meant for human eyes. They act as indexes to the information, which is accessible via XML request. Exceptions to this will not be Web sites, but independent little islands of commerce or games.

* Four, that creating information is like writing an email or writing a document. Accessible to anyone with a computer.

* Finally, that being on the Web means not being on the Web at all. It is like being "on the telephone", i.e. you have a telephone in your house.

The Web 3.0 Interface
The classic Web 3.0 interface requires four essential application types:

* An application to configure your feeds using live examples. Saved searches should give you back previous results first. Results are otherwise ordered by your interests. You can junk or pin sources for relevancy. This application replaces existing search tools.

* An application to view your feeds or search results, including anything tagged for your ID (i.e. email). There are buttons to let you filter and so on. This application replaces all current viewing applications, such as email, Web browser, and so on.

* One or more applications to write, edit pictures or documents, create spreadsheets, and so on. Buttons that let you: publish, tag, save, and so on. Some tags and permission are assigned automatically or by default. These applications are like today's word processing (including email), image processing, and other creative applications. What matters here is that they all output tagged documents with settings to control publishing levels (public, private, tags, etc.).

* Any other secondary applications for viewing specialized data, such as a picture viewer, a music tuner, a game display, a video player, and so on.

Everything that happens in one application should make sense in another application if you drag and drop. Moreover, you should be able to export from any of these applications to any format you desire, if necessary.

The future
What we are really waiting for is the elimination of the sense of using a computer, altogether. When our appliances are instant on and instant off, portable and durable, and come with big buttons for major functions, then we are on the way into the next era.

{SYS-CON}

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